Developing a high-resolution 4-dimensional soil modelling and mapping platform for the Netherlands (BIS-4D)

Smart and sustainable land and water management is crucial to secure the well-being of future generations, especially in highly populated areas like the Netherlands, where many different functions are combined in a small area. Decision makers therefore require accurate and up-to-date soil information at a high resolution. To meet these demands, we are developing a spatio-temporal soil modelling and mapping platform for the Netherlands called "Bodemkundig Informatie Systeem 4D" (BIS-4D). The objectives of this project are to prioritize soil information according to user requirements, develop and apply a data-driven, 3D modelling strategy of soil properties and harmonize outdated soil data to a common age. Ultimately, we aim to provide information of key soil properties at any location, depth and time for every 25 m pixel in the Netherlands. In this way, we can ensure that BIS-4D is useful for regional, national, European and global initiatives contributing to the sustainable use and protection of soils. 

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Soil pH [KCl] predictions (mean) for every 25 m pixel over the entire Netherlands for the six depth layers specified by GlobalSoilMap (Helfenstein et al., 2022)

5th(left), 50th (middle) and 95th quantile (right) pH [KCl] predictions for every 25 m pixel over the entire Netherlands for the depth layer 15 cm to 30 cm (Helfenstein et al., 2022)

Zoom in of soil pH [KCl] for the depth layer 15 cm to 30 cm and the related accuracy thresholds, by means of which we specify map quality for end-users (Helfenstein et al., 2022)