A matter of perspective: root adaptive responses to endoparasitic cyst nematodes

Samenvatting

Endoparasitic cyst nematodes are microscopic worms that infect plant roots. They penetrate host roots using a needle-like oral stylet and secrete salivary compounds that alter the development of plant cells, forming a feeding structure. Through this feeding structure, the nematodes absorb water and nutrients and thereby disrupt plant growth. Cyst nematodes are a major cause of yield losses in agriculture, due to the absence of adequate control measures. Research has so far focused on blocking nematode parasitism by interfering with the function of nematode oral secretions. While promising, this approach overlooks the ability of plants to adapt to environmental stresses by changing their design and architecture. With a shift in perspective, we reveal that plants can modify their root systems to mitigate yield losses in the presence of nematodes. By understanding these natural adaptations, we open new directions for developing resilient plants that can thrive despite nematode infestations.