Analysing Spatial Relationships in China’s Agricultural Total Factor Productivity Growth

Under the increasing constraints of resource availability, environmental pressures, and rising production costs, improving productivity has become increasingly important. However, total factor productivity (TFP) growth depends not only on the producer’s own capacity of utilizing resources, but is also influenced by external environmental factors, such as technology development, operation scale, and spatial distribution. This research attempts to answer four questions: (1) how does spatial agglomeration affect TFP growth; (2) what are the spatial spillover effects for technical inefficiency; (3) what are the spatial spillover effects for TFP growth ; and (4) how do environmental factors reshape the spatial relationships of agricultural TFP growth.  This research  provides a comprehensive investigation of the evolution, driving forces, and spatial relationships of agricultural TFP growth in China by conducting provincial level and household level analyses. The findings deepens the understanding of the mechanisms driving agricultural TFP growth in China and provides policy implications for promoting high-quality agricultural development.