Multifunctionality of inland valley wetlands for food security in the rice-based farming system of Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana

The 2008 world cereal price surge triggered food shortages and social instability in many West African countries. Governments responded by reorienting agricultural policies towards increasing rice production in inland valleys. Research focused mainly on increasing rice production, while limited attention was given to the multiple benefits these wetlands. This thesis examined how the multifunctionality of inland valley wetlands contributes to food security in rice-based farming systems in Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana. Using farm typology analysis, econometric modelling, discrete choice experiments, and replacement cost valuation, the findings show that inland valleys provide not only rice but also important ecosystem services, biodiversity, and wild foods for local communities. Farmers prefer diversified and biodiversity-friendly systems, yet adoption is influenced by unequal access to credit, extension, and physical capital. Wild foods contribute to dietary energy, income, and poverty reduction. Sustainable development requires balancing intensification with biodiversity conservation, ecosystem services, equitable resource access and acknowledging household diversity are key for West African food security.