Strategies to optimise personalised nutrition in critical illness and convalescence

Recovery after a stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) can take months or even years, as many patients experience ongoing physical challenges after leaving the hospital. During critical illness, patients rapidly lose muscle mass, which can contribute to reduced physical function and delayed recovery. The amount and timing of protein intake may play an important role in supporting muscle recovery. This thesis investigates how protein dosing can be better tailored to the individual needs of ICU patients, using body composition as an important basis for personalised nutritional care. In addition, the research explores practical approaches to measure body composition, monitor dietary intake, and improve nutrition after ICU discharge, a phase in which many patients struggle to meet their nutritional needs. The role of vitamin K and more sustainable feeding practices in intensive care are also investigated. Together, these findings aim to contribute to more personalised nutritional care.