Valorization of Food Loss and By-Products: Decision Support via Model-Based System Engineering

Every year, large amounts of food and food processing leftovers are discarded, even though many still contain valuable nutrients and materials. This research explores how these underused resources can be transformed into useful products instead of becoming waste.

The study examined the quantities of food loss and by-products generated in China, the United States, and the European Union, and assessed their potential for producing chemicals and protein-rich products. It also compared these options with more common waste management practices. The findings show that making better use of food loss and by-products could substantially reduce greenhouse gas emissions, land use, and water use, while contributing to a more circular food system.

The research provides new insights and practical tools to support governments, industries, and other stakeholders in making more sustainable decisions about the use of food loss and by-products.