Implementing the right to water – water policy choices with decentralized politics in Kenya

Summary

To achieve universal access to water in line with the human rights criteria of sufficient quantity, potable quality, affordability, physical access and non-discrimination, we require a better understanding of how
decision-makers interpret their mandate and translate it into implementation strategies. This research is the first of its kind that captures all 47 decision-makers charged with the service delivery mandate in
Kenya’s newly devolved system. Understanding the political and socio-climatic factors influencing water policy choices is critical for private sector or non-governmental organisations to effectively contribute to
improved water provision, especially in rural areas. This paper’s insights are transferrable across other countries that have decentralised systems of water provision. Achieving the SDG target on water starts with the acknowledgement and uptake of the mandate by decision-makers prior to measuring progress. If fast progress is to be achieved, adapting strategies to the socio-political realities of countries and their sub-national institutions is critical.